大轮盘

¡¡¡¡大轮盘RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.

¡¡¡¡RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.

¡¡¡¡RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.

¡¡¡¡RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.

¡¡¡¡RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.

¡¡¡¡RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.

¡¡¡¡RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.

¡¡¡¡RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.

¡¡¡¡RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.

¡¡¡¡RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.

¡¡¡¡RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.

¡¡¡¡RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.

¡¡¡¡RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.

¡¡¡¡RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.

¡¡¡¡RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.

¡¡¡¡RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.

¡¡¡¡RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.

¡¡¡¡RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.

¡¡¡¡RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.

¡¡¡¡RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.

¡¡¡¡RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.

¡¡¡¡RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.

¡¡¡¡RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermattersrequiredbylawsthatshallbehandledwithaccountingproceduresandfinancialaccounting.¡¡Article43Allmerchantsshallassignspecialpersonstoproperlypreservebusinessaccountbooks.Theperiodforpreservingbusinessaccountbooksshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoflaws,administrativeregulationsandrulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncil.¡¡¡¡Article44Theagenciesofjustice,taxation,auditandregistrationmayordercontestingpartiesormerchantstosubmitallorpartoftheirbusinessaccountbooksundertheapplicationofsubscribersorshareholders,partnersorotherinterestedpersons.¡¡¡¡ChapterVICommercialEmployees¡¡Article45Themerchantsmayselectorappointmanagerstoconductspecificbusinessaccordingtoassociationarticlesorpartnershipagreements.¡¡¡¡Article46Themerchantsmayappointseveralmanagersincludingdeputymanagerstojointlyexerciserightsofrepresentation.¡¡Thecommercialactsconductedbyanyoftherepresentativeswiththeauthorizationofthemerchantsshallbeeffectivetothemerchants.¡¡Article47Themanagershallbeentitledtomanageallkindsofbusinessonbehalfthemerchantwithinthescopeofauthorization.¡¡¡¡Themanagershallbeentitledtonominatedeputymanagersandchiefaccountantstothemerchantforappointingordismissing.¡¡¡¡Themanagermayappointordismissemployeesatorbelowthepostofadeputymanager.¡¡Article48Therestrictionontherightofrepresentationforamanagershallnotbeinvokedtoresistthebonafidethirdparty,unlessotherwisethemanagerprovideswarrantyforothersordisposesrealpropertiesofthemerchantwithoutbeingauthorizedbythemerchant.¡¡Article49Themanagershallfulfilltheobligationsofprohibitionofbusinessstrife,i.e.,shallnotcarryoutanybusinessthatisthesameasthatofthemerchantwhoappointshim,whicharestipulatedbytheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshallbeentitledtodeemthetransaction,whichiscarriedoutbythemanagerwhoviolatestheaforesaidobligations,asitsowntransactionandacquirehisincome.¡¡¡¡Themerchantshalllosesuchrightincaseitfailstoexercisetherightasspecifiedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticlewithin3monthsfromthedateitknowsthatthemanagerviolatessuchobligationsorwithinoneyearfromthedateofthetransactioncarriedoutbythemanager.¡¡¡¡Article50Theauthorityofthepersoninchargeofasubsidiaryofalimitedliabilitymerchant,whosedutyissimilartothatofamanager,maybedeemedassameasthatofamanager.Butsuchpersonshallnotactonbehalfofthemerchantinrespectofactsinaction.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIAgents¡¡¡¡Article51Theagentisanindependentmerchantwhoisauthorizedtoactregularlyorcontinuouslyonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelptobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledaregionalagent.¡¡¡¡Theagent,whoisauthorizedtoexclusivelyconductbusinesswithintheSpecialZonebytheconsigner,iscalledanexclusiveagent.¡¡¡¡Article52Toactonbehalfofothermerchantsorhelpstobringaboutdealsbetweenitsconsignerandothermerchants,theagentshallconcludeanagencycontractwiththeconsigner,orelsetheactsoftheagentshallbesubjecttorelevantprovisionsofthecivillaw.¡¡¡¡Wheretheexpiredoriginalagencycontractbetweentheagentandtheconsignerhasnotbeenrenewedandhasbeenfurtherperformedbythetwoparties,suchcontractshallbedeemedasbeingchangedintoacasualone.Anyofthepartiesmayterminatethecasualcontractafternotifyingtheotherpartyfor30daysaheadofthetermination,unlessthepartieshaveagreedotherwise.¡¡¡¡Theaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallnotbeapplicableincasethecontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceofanypartyorforcemajeure.¡¡¡¡Article53Theagentshallfulfilltheobligationsaccordingtotheagencycontractanddefendtheinterestsoftheconsigner,whiletheconsignershallprovidethenecessaryconditionsfortheagenttofulfillsuchobligations.Tohelptobringaboutdealsbetweentheconsignerandothermerchants,boththeagentandtheconsignershallbeartheobligationtoprovideeachotherwithrelevantinformationintime.¡¡Article54Unlessotherwisespecificallyrestrictedbyanagencycontract,theagentmaysimultaneouslyacceptauthorizationsfromtwoormoreconsignersorconductthebusinessinvolvingcompetitionwiththeconsigners.¡¡¡¡Article55Theagentshallbeartheobligationofnottakingadvantageofordisclosinganycommercialsecretsoftheconsignerstoanythirdparty,eventhoughtheagencycontractisterminated.¡¡¡¡Article56Theagentandtheconsignermayconcludeanagreementatthetimeterminatingtheagencyrelations,underwhichrestrictstheagentfromconductingthesamebusinessasthatoftheconsignerwithinareasonabletimelimit,i.e.,thetimelimitmaynotexceedtwoyearsfromthedateterminatingtheagencyrelations.Inthisrespect,theagentmayrequesttheconsignertopayforreasonablecompensation.¡¡¡¡Theagentshallbeforfeitedoftherighttoclaimforcompensationstipulatedintheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleincasetheagencycontractterminatedduetogrossnegligenceoftheagent.¡¡¡¡Article57Theconsignershallpaycorrespondingremunerationfortheagentasagreedundertheagencycontract.Wherethereisnosuchdefiniteagreementinthecontractonremuneration,theagentshallbeentitledtoacquireareasonablesumofremunerationfortheactualprovisionofserviceswithinthescopeofauthorizationaccordingtothebusinesspractice.¡¡¡¡Article58Whereanytransactionfailsduetotheconsigner¡¯sfaultordefaultwhiletheagenthasprovidedservicesforit,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforreasonableremunerationfromtheconsigner.¡¡¡¡Article59Whereanybargainisclosedduetotheserviceprovidedbyaformeragentwithin6monthsfromthedaterescindingtheagencycontract,unlessotherwisetherescissionduetothefaultsoftheagent,theagentshallbeentitledtoclaimforremunerationresultedfromsuchtransactions.¡¡¡¡Article60Wheretheconsignerclosesanybargainwithintheagencyareacoverageofanyregionalagent,theregionalagentshallbeentitledtoclaimfortheremunerationfromtheconsignerregardlesshispresenceornotinthetransaction.¡¡¡¡Article61Therescissionofanyagencycontractshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofthecontractlaw.¡¡Article62Whereanyagentenjoysthecreditor¡¯srightforitsagencyorcontributoryintheconclusionoftransactionbutwithoutbeingdischargedofdebtsbytheconsignerwithinthetimelimitofpayment,thegoodsorsecuritiesoftheconsignermaybekeptbytheagentunlessotherwiseagreedbybothpartiesorprohibitedtobekeptbylaw.¡¡¡¡ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions¡¡Article63Theprovisionsconcerningshopnames,managers,publicationofcommercialregistrationandbusinessaccountbooksintheseregulationsshallnotbeapplicabletoanyindividualbusinesses.¡¡Article64ThedetailedimplementingmeasuresaretobeformulatedbytheMunicipalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeseregulations.¡¡Article65TheseregulationsshalltakeeffectasofOctober1,1999.

¡¡¡¡RegulationsofShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneonBusinessWriter:|Editor:LilyA|From:|Updated:2017-11-22¡¡¡¡(Adoptedatthe33rdmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonJune30,1999;Revisedbythe31stmeetingofStandingCommitteeoftheSecondShenzhenMunicipalPeople¡¯sCongressonApril16,2004)¡¡¡¡ChapterIGeneralProvisions¡¡¡¡Article1Inordertoaffirmqualificationofmerchantsandstandardizecommercialacts,protectlawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchants,maintaintheorderofsocialistmarketeconomyandpromoteeconomicdevelopment,theseregulationsareherebyformulatedaccordingtobasicprinciplesoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandinlightofthespecificconditionsoftheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article2TheseregulationsshallbeapplicabletothemerchantsregisteredandestablishedinShenzhenSpecialEconomicZone(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°SpecialZone¡±)andthecommercialactscarriedoutwithinthejurisdictionofthecommercialregistrationorganizationsintheSpecialZone.¡¡¡¡Article3Thelawfulrightsandinterestsofmerchantsshallbeprotectedbylaws,rulesandtheseregulations.¡¡WherethemerchantsconductcommercialactsintheSpecialZone,theyshallabidebytheprinciplesofjusticeandgoodfaithandshallnotinfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofothermerchantsandconsumersorengageinanyactivitiesdetrimentaltothesocialandpublicinterests.¡¡¡¡Article4Merchantarticleandpartnershipagreementshallbeapplicabletothemattersthatarenotspecificallystipulatedbytheseregulationsandthecommerciallawofthestate,whereasthecivillawshallbeapplicableincaserelevantprovisionsabsentinthemerchantarticleandpartnershipagreement.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIMerchants¡¡Article5Merchantsrefertonaturalpersons,legalpersonsandothereconomicorganizations,whichareregisteredaccordingtolawstoundertakecommercialactsastheirregularvocationintheirownnamesforthepurposeofmakingprofits.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,merchantsreferto:¡¡(1)Limitedliabilitymerchants,includinglimitedliabilitycompaniesofallkindsandtheirsubsidiaries,enterpriseswithlegalpersonalityotherthancorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries;and¡¡¡¡(2)Unlimitedliabilitymerchants,includingenterprisewithoutlegalpersonalityandtheirsubsidiaries,partnershiporganizationsandtheirsubsidiaries,individualbusinessesandothereconomicorganizations.¡¡¡¡Intheseregulations,commercialactsrefertotheactssuchasproductionsandoperations,wholesaleandretailofcommodities,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentandprovisionofconsultingserviceandotherservices,whicharecarriedoutbythemerchants.¡¡¡¡Article6Anyorganizationsofstatepowers,administrativeorganizations,judicialorganizations,procuratorialorganizations,militaryorganizationsorprimaryandhighschoolsinvestedbythegovernmentshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.Buttheprovisionsoflawsandregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡¡¡Anystaffsinpostoftheabovementionedorganizationsormanagerialstaffsofstate-ownedenterprisesshallbeprohibitedtoestablishmerchantsandconductcommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Article7Anyminorsundertheageof16shallnotestablishmerchantsandconductanycommercialacts.¡¡¡¡Anyminorsorotherpersonswithoutfullcivilcapacityshallnotbecomepartnersofthemerchants.¡¡¡¡ChapterIIIRegistrationofMerchants¡¡Article8Theestablishment,alterationandterminationofmerchantsshallbeappliedtotheRegistrationOrganizationaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article9TheShenzhenMunicipalindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whichistheagencyforregistrationofmerchants(hereinafterreferredtoas¡°RegistrationOrganization¡±),shallhandlecommercialregistrationinaccordancewithlaws,administrativeregulationsandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article10Commercialregistrationsincluderegistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsandunlimitedliabilitymerchants.¡¡TheregistrationoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheRegistrationOrganizationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡TheregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbehandledbytheagenciesauthorizedbytheRegistrationOrganization(i.e.detachedoffices)accordingtotheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article11Theregistrationitemsofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallinclude:names,places(oraddresses),personsincharge,typesofenterprises,businessscope,operatingperiod,andthesubscribers¡¯orpartners¡¯names,addressesandidentitycardnumbers.¡¡¡¡Article12Toestablishunlimitedliabilitymerchants,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmittotheRegistrationOrganizationthefollowingdocuments:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcommercialregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Documentsofapprovalofnamesformerchants;¡¡¡¡(3)Certificationofdomicilesoraddresses;¡¡¡¡(4)Identificationpapersspecifyingtheitemssuchasnamesofpersonsincharge,subscribers,orpartners,etc;¡¡¡¡(5)Partnershipagreementsofpartnershiporganizations;and¡¡¡¡(6)OtherdocumentsrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Wheretheregistrationsofestablishmentarerequiredtobeappliedtorelevantdepartmentforapprovalaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations,theapplicantsortheirconsigneesshallsubmitthedocumentofratificationwhileapplyingfortheregistrations.¡¡¡¡Article13WhereanapplicantsubmitsfalsecertificationdocumentstotheRegistrationOrganizationforestablishmentofunlimitedmerchant,heshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionsandbeimposedafineofRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganization;incasethecircumstancesareserious,heshallberevokedofhiscommercialregistration.¡¡¡¡Anyonewhohasappliedforfalseregistrationorprovidedfalsecertificationdocumentsshallbearcorrespondinglegalliability.¡¡¡¡Article14TheRegistrationOrganizationshallmakedecisionsonapprovalordisapprovalofregistrationwithin20daysuponthedatereceivingthedocumentsofapplicationforestablishmentofunlimitedliabilitymerchants.ThosewhoarequalifiedshallberegisteredandgrantedbusinesslicensesuniformlyprintedbytheRegistrationOrganization;thosewhoareunqualifiedshallnotberegisteredandshalleachbegivenawrittenreplywithproperreasonandbeinformedhisrightsofapplyingadministrativereconsiderationorfilingadministrativelawsuit.¡¡¡¡Iftheapplyingmaterialssubmittedbyanapplicantareadequateandconsistentwithlegalforms,theRegistrationOrganizationshallmakeadecisiononthespotifit¡¯spossible.¡¡¡¡Article15Thedateanunlimitedliabilitymerchantgrantedabusinesslicenseshallbethedateofitsestablishment.¡¡Afterobtainingabusinesslicense,anunlimitedliabilitymerchantmayhaveitssealsengraved,openaccountantswithbanksandapplyfortaxpaymentregistrationwithsuchlicensepresented.¡¡¡¡Beforeobtainingabusinesslicense,anyunlimitedlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotconductanycommercialactsinthenameappliedforregistration.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyviolatethethirdparagraphofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article16Whenanunlimitedliabilitymerchantrequirestochangehisregistereditems,heshallapplytotheoriginalRegistrationOrganizationforregisteringsuchchanges,whichshallregisterthechangesaccordingtolawiftheapplicationisconsistentwithlegalstandardsandrequirements.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhochangesaregistereditemarbitrarilyinviolationoftheprecedingparagraphshallbeimposedadministrativepunishmentsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Article17AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforregistrationofclosureofbusinessincaseitplanstocloseitsbusinessforsixmonthsorabove.¡¡¡¡Inviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle,anyoneshallbetemporarysuspendedofitsbusinesslicenseorrevokedofitsbusinesslicenseinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandadministrativeregulationsbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡¡¡Article18Toterminatebusiness,anyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforcancellationofregistrationwiththefollowingdocumentspresented:¡¡¡¡(1)Applicationformsforcancellationofregistration,whichareprintedbytheRegistrationOrganizationandsignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(2)Businesslicense;¡¡¡¡(3)Debtandcreditliquidationreportssignedbysubscribersorpartners;¡¡¡¡(4)Evidenceofpaymentofduty;and¡¡¡¡(5)OtherdocumentsasrequiredbytheRegistrationOrganization.¡¡Anyoneshallnotapplytowriteoffregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantwiththepurposeofevadingtheliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsheshouldactuallybear.¡¡¡¡AnyonewhohaswrittenoffitsregistrationtoconcealdebtsintentionallyshallberevokedofregistrationofcancellationandbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB3,000butnotmorethanRMB5,000bytheRegistrationOrganizationoncecheckedandverified.¡¡¡¡Article19AnyunlimitedliabilitymerchantshallapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforannualinspectionandpresentrelevantdocumentsasrequiredbytheorganizationduring1stJanuaryto30thAprileveryyear.¡¡¡¡AnyoneinviolationoftheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticleshallbeimposedafineofnotlessthanRMB500butnotmorethanRMB3,000,andbeorderedtoreceiveannualinspectionwithinthespecifiedtimelimitbytheRegistrationOrganization;incasetheoffenderfailstoacceptannualinspectionwithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallberevokedofitsbusinesslicenseaccordingtorelevantlawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡¡¡Article20Anylimitedliabilitymerchantandpartnershiporganizationshallissueapublicnoticeontheregistrationitemsapprovedwithin30daysfromthedateitsapplicationfortheregistrationofestablishment,alterationandcancellationapproved.Theitemsinthepublicnoticeshallbekeptinconformitywiththoseregistered.¡¡¡¡AnyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecifiedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseitviolatestheaforesaidparagraphofthisarticle;incaseitfailstomakeanycorrectionswithinthetimelimitspecified,itshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000.¡¡¡¡Theregistrationitemsthathavenotbeenpublishedcannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anypublisheditemsthatarenotinconformitywiththeregistereditemscannotbeinvokedtoresistanythirdparty;incaseanymistakeexistsinpublicationduetofaultandcausesdamagestothebonafidethirdparty,theoffendershallbearcorrespondingcivilliabilityforit.¡¡¡¡Article21AnyonemayapplytotheRegistrationOrganizationforconsultingorduplicatingdocumentsrelevanttoregistrationofmerchantsotherthanthoseinvolvingcommercialsecretsofthemerchant.¡¡¡¡Article22TheRegistrationOrganizationsshallexchangecommercialregistrationinformationwithcompetentauthoritiesinchargeoftaxation.¡¡¡¡Article23AnyindividualbusinessmayberevokedofhisbusinesslicensebytheRegistrationOrganizationincaseheseriouslyviolatestheprovisionsrelevanttoregistrationofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsintheseregulations.¡¡Article24AnyapplicantwhothinkshisapplicationmettherequirementofestablishmentofmerchantbuthasbeenrefusedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,oranymerchantwhoobjectstothedecisionmadebytheRegistrationOrganizationontheadministrativesanctionrelatedtocommercialregistration,mayapplyforadministrativereconsiderationorfileanadministrativelawsuitbeforethepeople¡¯scourt.¡¡¡¡Article25IncasethoseapplicantswhofailtomeettherequirementsforcommercialregistrationhavebeenapprovedtoberegisteredbytheRegistrationOrganization,thepersonsinchargeofsuchregistrationorpersonsdirectlyliableforsuchregistrationshallbesubjecttoadministrativesanctionsimposedbytheRegistrationOrganization;theoffendershallbeprosecutedforcriminalliabilityincasehecommitsacrime.¡¡¡¡ChapterIVNamesofMerchantsandTransferofBusiness¡¡¡¡Article26Merchantsshallhavetheirownnames.¡¡Namesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofthefollowingpartsinsuchproperorder:namesofadministrativeareas,shopnames,tradeorbusinessfeaturesandformoforganization.Lawsandadministrativeregulationsshallbeapplicableincasetheystipulateotherwise.¡¡Article27Merchantsmayusetheirownnamesasshopnames,butonlylimitedtothemerchantswhoseinvestorsarenaturalpersons.¡¡¡¡Article28ShopnamesofmerchantsshallbecomposedofmorethantwoChinesecharacters.¡¡¡¡Wordsorcontentofshopnamesthatareappliedtoberegisteredshallnot:¡¡¡¡(1)damagetheinterestsofthestate,societyandpublic;¡¡¡¡(2)containfeudalandsuperstitiouselements;¡¡¡¡(3)becontrarytosocialethicsandaequumetbonum;¡¡¡¡(4)containharmfulpoliticalmeaningorracialorethnicdiscrimination;¡¡¡¡(5)usethesamenameasthatofanadministrativeareaatorabovethecountylevel;¡¡¡¡(6)behomonymouscomparedwitharegisteredshopnameofanyotherperson,whichmaybemisunderstoodastheother'sshopname;¡¡¡¡(7)becomposedofArabicnumeralsorlettersofforeignlanguages;or¡¡¡¡(8)betheonesprohibitedtobeusedaccordingtolawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article29Thepreliminaryexaminationsystemshallbeappliedtoregistrationofnamesofmerchants.IncasethenamesappliedforregistrationpassedtheexaminationandapprovedbytheRegistrationOrganization,theorganizationshallprovidedocumentsregardinguseofsuchnamesfortheapplicants.ThenamesapprovedshallberevokedbytheRegistrationOrganizationincasetheyhavenotbeenusedbytheapplicantswithin6monthsfromthedatesuchnameshavebeencheckedandapproved.¡¡¡¡Article30AnyoneshallnotuseashopnamethathasbeenregisteredbyanyotherpersonwithintheSpecialZoneashisownwithintheSpecialZone,unlessotherwisetheyhaveinvestmentrelationshiportheyhaveagreedinafranchiseagreement.¡¡¡¡Article31Theshopnamemaybeseparatelytransferredincaseitisdifferentfromtrademarkorcomposednotrademarkofthetransferor,butitcanbetransfertoonlyonetransferee.¡¡¡¡TheshopnameornamethathasbeentransferredseparatelyshallnotbefurtherusedwithinthesamejurisdictionalareasoftheRegistrationOrganizationbythetransferor.¡¡¡¡Thetransferofshopnamesornamewithoutregistrationcannotbeinvokedtoanythirdparty,thetransferorandtransfereeshallbearjointlyandseverallyliabilityforthepaymentofdebtsarisedtothethirdparty.¡¡¡¡Anyoneshallbeorderedtomakecorrectionswithinthespecifiedtimelimit,orelseshallbeimposedafineofRMB5,000incaseheviolatesthefirst,secondandthirdparagraphsofthisarticle.¡¡¡¡Article32Thetransferorsandtransfereesofabusinesstransfershallfulfillregistrationofalterationandgothroughotherproceduresconcernedaccordingtolaw.¡¡Article33Inthecaseofbusinesstransfer,operatingpropertiesincludingnamesshallbetransferred.TheRegistrationOrganizationshallautomaticallyrevokedthenamesresultedinthetransferincasethetransfereesfailstouseit.¡¡¡¡Subsidiariesoflimitedliabilitymerchantsshallnotbetransferredotherthantheirproperties,andtheirnamesshallnotbeusedbythetransferee.Transferofsubsidiariesofunlimitedliabilitymerchantsshallbeprohibited.¡¡¡¡Article34Thetransferorandtransfereeofabusinesstransfershalldeterminewaysofassumptionofdebtsincurredbythetransferorbeforesuchbusinesstransferredunderacontract.¡¡Article35Thetransfereeofabusinesstransfer,whohasnotusedthenameresultedfromthetransferbuthaspromisedinthepublicnoticetoassumethedebtsincurredbythetransferor,shallpaythedebtsuponrequestingbythedebtee.¡¡¡¡Article36Incasethetransfereeinabusinesstransferassumesthedebtsincurredbythetransferor,thedebteeshallrequestthetransfereetopaythedebtswithinoneyearfromthedatesuchbusinesstransfertakeseffectorthepublicnoticeisissued.¡¡¡¡ChapterVCommercialAccountBooks¡¡¡¡Article37Allmerchantsshallestablishfinancingandaccountingsystemsaccordingtolaws,administrativeregulations,rulesofthefinancialcompetentauthorityoftheStateCouncilandtheseregulations.¡¡¡¡Article38Allmerchantsshallestablishaccountbooksatthecommencementofbusiness.Accountbooksandbalancesheetsshallbemadetoprovidetheinformationconcerningthestatusofprofitandlossinthecourseofbusinessoperation.¡¡¡¡Article39Allmerchantsmayadoptelectronicaccountbooks,butshallnotdestroythedatathathasgeneratedwhilechangingthefinancialsoftwareunderuse.¡¡¡¡Article40Allmerchantsshallrecordthetransactionsinwrittenformsaccordingtotheirsuccessivelyorder,unlessotherwisespecificallyprovidedbythelawsandadministrativeregulations.¡¡Article41Theoperatingpropertiesandtheirvalueatthecommencementofbusinessandtheendofeachyearshallbeclearlyrecordedinaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Thebalancesheetsshallbemadeonthebasisoftheaccountbooksandshallbesignedinthenameofthepersonwhomakestheaccountbooks.¡¡¡¡Article42Thefollowingmattersthatmayaffectanytransactionsandoperatingpropertiesshallberecordedinaccountbooksonthebasisoftheoriginalvouchers:¡¡¡¡(1)Receiptandexpenditureoffundsandportfolios;¡¡¡¡(2)Receiptandexpenditure,additionandsubtraction,anduseoffundsinfinances;¡¡¡¡(3)Generationandsettlementofdebtsandcredits;¡¡¡¡(4)Additionandsubtractionofcapitalandfunds,receiptandexpenditureoffunds;¡¡¡¡(5)Calculationofincome,expensesandcost;¡¡¡¡(6)Calculationandtreatmentoffinancialresults;and¡¡¡¡(7)Othermatter